An Interview With Paul Zane Pilzer
By
John David Mann and John Milton Fogg
Photograph
by:
Greg Fuchs
Every generation, among the thousands
of brilliant and merely-bright social commentators, the human race
produces one or two visionaries whose stunning insights burst the
bounds of their own specialist's expertise and cut across all
disciplines. We have our Benjamin Franklins, our Buckminster Fullers
- and Paul Zane Pilzer, the man who sizes up seismic shifts in our
economy.
Pilzer is quick to
assert that he has no crystal ball: it's all in the data. But the
three-times New York Times best-selling author and economic advisor to
two presidential administrations has an uncanny knack for assembling
masses of facts and figures and seeing the forests those reams of
trees represent. His penetrating insights have attracted the attention
of network marketers for over a decade.
Now he's back, with a
new message: We are witnessing the explosive birth of a new
trillion-dollar industry, and network marketers everywhere are poised
to be the vanguard of that explosion.
After two centuries
of economic opportunity for the pioneers of manufacturing, we have
entered the age of distribution. Today, the greatest opportunity for
wealth awaits those who can deliver what Pilzer calls
"intellectual distribution."
He is describing
network marketing. He is, as the saying goes, singing our song.
| Q: |
Paul, you
were the first well-known economist to have anything kind to
say about network marketing. What got your attention about
the business in the first place?
|
I think it would be
more accurate to say the business found me. It started with my
1990 book, Unlimited Wealth, which analyzed different sectors of our
economy and projected some interesting changes by the year 2000.
In the 70's and
80's, we were told, "What's wrong with America is that we don't
make things." So, the bright young people of that era started
to make things - and they did it so much better, converting all the
expensive raw materials and labor into plastics and flexible
automated manufacturing processes, that they completely restructured
the economics of retail.
Take a typical $300
item; it could be anything-say, a television, camera, or dress. In
the 1960s, the manufacturing costs of this item would be $150. About
50% of the item's cost was in manufacturing with the other 50
percent in distribution.
By the 90's, the
same item still sold for $300, but it was a far superior product
with a great many more features -yet its manufacturing cost had
fallen from $150 to $15 or $20! Now 80 to 85 percent of the
product's costs was in distribution; only 15 to 20 percent was in
manufacturing.
By 1990, I
explained in Unlimited Wealth, the greatest opportunities for
wealth were no longer in manufacturing but in distribution. The book
projected that this would continue for the next decade at least.
That's why the richest people in the world in 1990 were people who
found better ways of distributing things, versus better ways of
making things.
| Q: |
Can you give
us some examples of those "richest people" who
made their fortunes in distribution?
|
Back in 1961, Sam
Walton started a company that was committed to never make its own
brand, that would sell only other name brand goods. By 1990, not
only was Walmart the largest retailer in the world, Sam Walton was
also the richest person in the world - a man who made his living
distributing things that other people made. (Sam Walton, by the way,
thought very highly of Unlimited Wealth and emphatically
endorsed the book.)
In 1990, Fred Smith
was the most successful airline entrepreneur of the day. Back in
1976 he had started an airline with its own fleet of planes and
pilots - yet it didn't fly people! The only purpose of Federal
Express was to move packages: distribution - an unheard-of thought
in 1976.
Ross Perot was one
of the wealthiest people in the world in 1990. Perot built a $3.5
billion computer company that made neither software nor hardware.
What did EDS do? It distributed other people's hardware and
software.
| Q: |
How did your
observations about wealth and distribution get network
marketers' attention?
|
I did three shows
on "Larry King Live" that year. I was explaining the book
on one of those shows; a man named Donald Held happened to be
watching. Don, a Senior Executive Diamond with Amway, brought the
show to Dexter Yaeger's attention. Dexter and a number of his people
read the book and said: "Hey, here's an economic analysis of
why our business works. This guy has no idea what network marketing
is - but he knows why it works!"
I had no idea what
Amway was. I didn't even know what network marketing was. I wasn't
trying to promote anything: perhaps that's one reason my research
rang true. I was just using empirical data, analyzing distribution
in America and the world.
Dexter's people
decided to book me as a speaker and have me explain to their people
what I said on "Larry King Live". That's how it all
started.
| Q: |
That was
over a decade ago, and you've since become a household word
to thinking network marketers everywhere. Obviously, your
thinking hasn't stood still; what has happened in the ten
years since?
|
I've changed my
focus a good deal. Back in 1990, the opportunities still lay in
physically distributing products; since 1990 we've seen a dramatic
shift. In my new book, The Next Trillion, I break distribution into
two functions: physical and intellectual.
Physical
distribution means getting the product to the consumer-products that
the consumer already knows he wants. That's Walmart: You know
exactly what you want when you walk into Walmart; you go in, pick it
up, and get out of the store. You don't learn about anything new
there.
Intellectual
distribution is where you learn about a new product or service that
you didn't know existed before.
Up through 1990,
the great opportunities to earn fortunes in distribution, the
opportunities for the Fred Smiths, Ross Perots, and Sam Waltons were
in physical distribution. Today, the great opportunities are in
intellectual distribution.
In 1999, a business
person made Time magazine's man of the year - especially meaningful
because it's quite rare for a business person to earn that
distinction. Who was it? Jeff Bezos, who revolutionized the
distribution of books with amazon.com.
Now, look closer:
Jeff Bezos is really in the intellectual distribution business. You
don't sign on to amazon.com just to physically get the book; you
sign on to learn about the book. You read the various reviews, look
at other books in the category, you may even log on to find out if
there even is a book on the particular topic you want.
The truth is, the
great part of the physical distribution boom that I described in Unlimited
Wealth has already come and gone; the fortunes to be made there
are largely already made. The fortunes that will be made in the new
millennium - at least in the first decade of the new millennium-will
be more in intellectual distribution: educating consumers about
products and services that will improve their lives, products, and
services that they didn't already know existed.
| Q: |
Why is that
where the real opportunities are today?
|
Because that is
precisely where the biggest bottleneck is today. There was a time
when the two aspects of distribution - physical and intellectual -
were commonly combined under the same roof. No longer.
If you are as old
as I am, you might remember the first few times you went into a
store and said to yourself, "Hey, I know more about this
product than the clerk selling it!" Twenty-five years ago that
was a shock: who would think of opening a store where the clerk
didn't know anything about the product?
Today it's
universally accepted. Today, you the consumer are expected to
know about the product. There are a few specialty retailers left,
such as Nordstrom's. But, in general, the retailers have completely
abandoned the traditional function of teaching people about
products. Instead they have focused on the function of efficiently
and inexpensively delivering the product.
Go into a showroom
and talk to a car salesman: does that salesperson actually own the
car you're talking about? Not likely. Go into an electronics outlet:
how often will you meet a salesperson who actually owns the
particular product you are considering - or who can even afford to?
Seldom. These people are in the business of showing you where to
find it on the shelf; They're not there to teach you what it
is.
| Q: |
So where do
we learn today?
|
That's the problem.
The pace of technological change is rapidly accelerating today, no
matter what the industry. By the time you learn about a product and
are ready to buy it - guess what? There's a better one!
Where do you learn
about that one? Nowhere - that's what's missing, that's the
bottleneck in our economy. Talk to any manufacturer and he'll tell
you, "We're selling models A, B, C, and D; the new model F, is
seven times better, it's even better priced - but nobody's buying it
yet!" Why aren't they? Because they haven't learned about it
yet. They call this "backlog."
I saw this with
some educational software we developed in the early 90s: Here was a
product that could totally change a child's life - but telling
people about it was far more expensive than producing it. Until we
found the Amway Corporation in the mid 90s, we were pretty much dead
in the water: We had great new products, but no way of telling the
consumer they existed.
| Q: |
How does
network marketing's way of doing that contrast with more
conventional ways of marketing - through advertising and
other mass channels?
|
Network marketing
today is almost wholly intellectual distribution. When you as a
network marketer discuss a product with a consumer, you don't
actually hand over the product. You rely on UPS or some other
delivery service to have the product shipped to your consumer.
Even more
fascinating is that network marketing today is typically done
person-to-person by someone who is also the user of the product.
Unlike the car salesman, electronics salesperson, or clothing
salesperson, the network marketer is an educated, enthusiastic,
experienced user of the product you're asking about.
Those companies
that prosper in network marketing will focus almost entirely on
intellectual distribution, teaching people about new products and
services that will improve their lives. Those that really flourish
will have some sort of unique or proprietary technology. And not
just unique, but efficacious - better than anything else out there.
| Q: |
So you've
seen the weight of opportunity shift from manufacturing, to
physical distribution, and now to intellectual distribution.
How else has your own thinking changed? What is the focus of
The Next Trillion?
|
I started to focus
on the great needs of America - which led me in some surprising
directions. People think of their needs in a very mundane way -
"I need a new dress that doesn't make me look
overweight.", or "I need a car that gets better mileage."
I looked at it on a more macro level: we have more fundamental needs
such as eating, sleeping, being healthy, being educated. As I
carefully studied current conditions, I found that the greatest
need in America today is wellness.
| Q: |
Can you
define "wellness" for us?
|
This is such a new
need that the word itself, in the context we're using it, is an
entirely new term. I had to come up with entirely new definitions.
First I had to realize that what we call the "healthcare"
business is really the sickness business. Our medical
industry today has very little, if anything, to do with health. The
$1.4 trillion we spend on medical care, which is one seventh of the
U.S. economy, is concerned with being sick and treating symptoms of
sickness. It has very little to do with preventing illness, with
being stronger or healthier. When you go to people in the medical
industry today and say, "I have arthritis, I don't see as well,
I don't hear as well." They say, "It's because of age -
age, age, age, age." But these are really just symptoms of poor
nutrition.
I define
"wellness" as money spent to make you feel healthier,
even when you're not "sick" by any standard medical terms.
To make you stronger, to make you see better, to make you hear
better, to fight what we might call the symptoms of aging.
Walk into any
average home in any average neighborhood, talk to them, see what
they need. If we were doing this 20 years ago, we'd find that most
of them were worried about making a living, about their new job,
about what professions their children should go into. The primary
need for Americans in our first 200 years was economic. That's no
longer true.
Today we are in the
eleventh or twelfth year of an unbelievable economic expansion. Here
is what you find today as you walk into each home: They have enough
to eat, they overwhelmingly know where their economic opportunities
are, they know what they could be doing to make more money, and if
they're not, it's often by positive choice - for example, because
they want to spend more time with their families. the overall
primary need today is not their wealth - it's their health.
In the past we've
associated poverty and economic depression with ill health. When I
was young, we often equated "poor" with thin, starving.
"Thin rich man" was an oxymoron. Today, "poor"
and "fat" have become synonymous. The tables have turned:
"rich fat man" has become an oxymoron!
Today, the lower
the income, the more we see obesity. Obesity is a symptom of poor
nutrition. Typically someone who is obese is also vitamin-deficient,
suffers from fatigue and arthritis or other ailments that all stem
from poor nutrition.
Since 1980, we have
more than doubled the percentage of overweight and obese people in
our country. In 1980, 15 percent of the population was obese; by the
year 2000 that number had jumped to 27 percent-that's 77 million
clinically obese people! Those numbers have increased ten percent in
just the past four years and are still growing at beyond epidemic
rates.
Because of people
being overweight or obese, we've also tripled the propensity to get
diabetes in this country, with similar increases in so many other
diseases. Today, at a time of unprecedented economic prosperity,
we're seeing a huge part of our population falling off the edge. For
me, here is the most amazing number: 61 percent of the United
States population is overweight. That number, too, has doubled since
1980.
Now, how did we win
the Cold War and become so prosperous - only to end up in a world
where 61 percent of the population is as oppressed as if the
Russians had won the Cold War?
| Q: |
Is there a
ray of sunshine here?
|
More than a ray; in
fact, as grisly as this situation is, it has also given rise to an
entirely new economic sector, a very positive sector - which is
where I got the title "The Next Trillion".
| Q: |
Why do you
call this the "next" trillion?
|
Today, the food
industry represents about one trillion dollars annually; the
"sickness business" is another trillion (actually, about
$1.4 trillion). These two industries feed one another in a fairly
insidious way because such a huge part of sickness today is caused
by the poor nutrition supplied by the food industry. These two
trillion-dollar industries work together to support that horrifying
61 percent overweight number.
Looking at those
numbers, you might think that one day soon, everyone will be
overweight or obese. That's actually not the case, though. The 39
percent of the U.S. population who are not overweight
comprise 10 to 15 million Americans who are aging; as they age, they
are getting more healthy, more fit, more strong - actually younger,
by any standard medical definition.
These people
represent that new economic sector. They are primarily wealthy
people; the first thing they do as they start to have money is to
figure out how they can be healthier - and they're doing it outside
the medical establishment. They are going to fitness clubs, watching
their food, taking the proper amounts of vitamins and minerals, and
investigating supplements and other products that support their
wellness.
When I began to see
this trend clearly, I started wondering, is there is a business
here? The answer stunned me.
In the year 2000,
wellness in America was already a $200 billion industry; about half
of that is composed of the $24 billion spent on fitness clubs plus
the $70 billion spent on vitamins and minerals. This $200 billion
was hardly a blip ten years ago.
| Q: |
Who is
spending this Money?
|
Mostly Baby
Boomers: prosperous people from the ages of 35 to 55. The Baby
Boomers are a powerful economic force; all marketers know that. Baby
Boomers represent only 28 percent of our population - yet the group
represents 50 percent of our economy.
Baby Boomers are
the first generation we know of in recorded history who refuse to
accept the aging process. This is fascinating, from a marketing
standpoint. Look at the cars they buy: they're retro, designed to
make them look like they're in high school. Look at the clothes they
buy; they're retro, too - they look like the clothes they wanted
but couldn't afford to buy in high school.
Up until now, the
Baby Boomer marketing mind has been all about how to make them feel
younger, how to help them remember what it was like to be young. Now
it's gone a step further. Today, Boomers are starting to buy things
that actually make them younger!
This has only just
begun. Most people don't even know there are such products. As the
rest of this 50 percent buying power group learn about wellness,
this sector will explode. It has already gone from virtually zero in
1990 to $200 billion today. It's easy to see that this $200 billion
will become one trillion - or more - by the year 2010.
| Q: |
Do you get
reactions, people saying, "What...a trillion
dollars?!"
|
Oh, all the time.
But put it in perspective. The first IBM PC came out in 1981 - and
by 1990, PC sales exceeded automobile sales. Nobody knew what the
Internet was in 1990; consumers were allowed to get on the Internet
with their own accounts and private email addresses only in 1995. By
2000, the overwhelming amount of new wealth and new millionaires in
this country were being created by the Internet. Given how fast
these new industries grow, one trillion in wellness by the year 2010
starts to look like a conservative projection.
| Q: |
Does that
same challenge of the bottleneck, the need for intellectual
distribution, apply to the wellness industry, too?
|
Absolutely. By
definition, all of wellness is new technology. There is
virtually no place to go learn about it. If you go to conventional
weight loss clinic, they are focused on marketing their processed
food products to you - they don't give you lessons in wellness. The
information just isn't out there; all the research in the medical
business is on sickness. Where does the consumer turn?
The only way to
learn about wellness is through someone close to you who has had a
wellness experience. You see your college roommate and go, "My
God, John, you look great! You look so healthy - what did you
do?" You bump into a wellness experience and start to find out
that there is a whole wellness industry out there, with all sorts of
new products and services.
I went every year
to an orthopedic surgeon about my knee. Each year he'd tell me,
"Its worse than last year, you've gotta have an operation,
Paul." At some point, I started taking glucosamine. Within 2
months, the pain was gone. I went back to check up with my
orthopedist; he couldn't believe it. When he found out that all I'd
done was take glucosamine, he said-jokingly, but also truthfully -
"Don't spread this around, Paul...I'll be out of
business."
Now, how could it
be that a product like glucosamine, a natural substance which has
been around for 50 years (primarily as a veterinary product for
horses), a product that rebuilds my cartilage and makes me feel so
good...how could it be that nobody knows about it? That's the
classic introduction to wellness: typically, you have one experience
like that, then you say, what else might there be that my doctor
never told me about?
This experience set
me on the path of learning about supplements, vitamins, and
minerals. In my research for writing this book, I was amazed at how
much basic biology and nutrition had escaped my education. Here I
am, a college professor for 20 years, three times New York Times
best-selling author - and I had been frankly oblivious about food,
nutrition, vitamins, minerals, and natural supplements. That set me
on this path of inquiry.
You couldn't really
have gone into wellness 10 or 15 years ago because there was no
wellness industry. Most of these products and services are just now
coming out of the laboratory. And when you look into those
laboratories and see what's coming, you see that this business is
really going to take off. Of anything I've ever been involved with,
the wellness industry looks the most exciting right now.
| Q: |
What
connection do you see between network marketing and this
wellness revolution?
|
It's all about the
difference between what I call "active learning" versus
"passive learning." Conventional advertising media are not
effective at delivering what they call "intellectually
challenging" information-which is euphemism for "new
ideas."
Think for a minute
about how you watch TV. You're sitting back, you're relaxed, on your
couch; the last thing you want is to be challenged with new
information. In fact, when you do see something that challenges you,
something that disagrees with what you already know or think is
true, what do you do?
| Q: |
You change
the channel?...
|
Right! Television
is a very passive medium for learning, so we can't really use it to
teach new ideas. It's the same with news papers. I used to write
op-ads regularly for various newspapers such as The New York
Times. I'd be at a cocktail party, excited about a piece I'd
written, and ask a friend, "So, what'd you think about my piece
on such and such?" He'd say, "Paul, I don't read your
stuff. I'm a Democrat!" We don't read the op-ed pieces that
challenge us. We read the ones that reinforce what we already think.
Most of our
information sources today have become passive media. You don't spend
time with them to be challenged; when you do encounter something
that challenges you, you change the station or read the other
column.
The only time you
learn actively, meaning that you actually start taking in and
considering new information, is when you start talking with someone
in a real-life dialogue. First, the person says something you don't
agree with. You think, "oh, that couldn't be true."
Perhaps you don't say anything, because you're being polite-but your
face gives away the fact that you don't agree. This starts a
dialogue: they come back with a little more, you start to
respond...gradually, bit by bit, the dialogue changes your mind.
Correct information
about diet, nutrition, vitamins, minerals, and supplements is almost
all contrary to what we've heard from our medical community; for
many, it runs counter to how we were brought up. There's so much
inaccurate information, naturally they're going to be skeptical. The
only way they will actually change their paradigm or start to learn
new information is person to person - because they're actively
engaged in a conversation.
This doesn't happen
overnight. It may take three, four, five, or six conversations with
different people before your actually change your mind. That's why
wellness, which is so clearly paradigm - changing information for so
many people, really works best in a one-to-one interactive
environment - like network marketing.
| Q: |
What do you
see for the decade ahead, Paul?
|
I see a one
trillion dollar wellness industry by the year 2010. I see great
opportunities for network marketing and network marketers. I see
certain network marketing companies, because they're the fastest way
to get the new information out there, leading that industry. I see
great opportunities coming for the network marketing industry
because network marketing is clearly the best vehicle we have today,
in the United States and around the world, to educate people about
new products and services. There's a great window of opportunity for
network marketing companies to educate consumers about wellness
products & services. I also see great challenges ahead for
successful network marketing companies, particularly those involved
in wellness, as the technology continues to evolve. Network
marketing companies need to remain flexible so they can stay ahead
of new technology. The best wellness products and services of
yesterday may not be the best products and services tomorrow
The personal
computer industry is an apt analogy; entire companies have come and
gone because they made, say, the best fax software-until someone
came up with a better fax software, or because they made the best
high-end monitor card - until every computer started coming with a
high-end monitor card already built in.
Many of today's
network marketing products will go to retail fairly quickly. You're
already seeing that with glucosamine and a number of other
supplements: they're starting to get into the conventional retail
channels. To stay competitive, network marketers are going to have
to stay ahead of the new technology.
I see consolidation
in the industry. Many of the smaller network marketing companies will
not have enough money for the R&D they need to compete with
the new technologies. I see merging of companies, as well as
companies enlarging their product offerings. Companies who serve
more of their customers' needs will be the most successful.
I see real clinical
trials. The products of the wellness business are moving toward an
era of greater quality control. Today, a third to a half of the
bottles in retail stores do not have in them what is on the labels
because it's not a regulated business. The company whose sole
business is wellness has a lot more to lose if they make a mistake:
they often have better quality control. Ultimately, none of the
successful wellness companies can afford to have a bad quality
product out there.
| Q: |
As a
part-time rabbi and someone who has been vegetarian (as you
say in your book, for spiritual reasons), you've become
pretty passionate about wellness, haven't you?
|
It has become
something of a mission for me, and I think it is for network
marketers as well. As much as we focus on the financial and
lifestyle benefits of the business, the real benefit is what you can
do to change a life-and the lives of all the people who are touched
by that life. If you can add five, ten, fifteen years to someone's
life, think of his children, think of his spouse. We're wonderfully
interrelated in the world today, and when you can give someone the
gift of wellness, improving the quality of that life every day and
increasing the length of that life, it's a truly wonderful thing.
Make no mistake:
there is a crisis, a trend of epidemic proportions going in the
other direction in the rest of America. Right now, network marketing
is the only force I see on the horizon that has the potential to
make this kind of huge change.
(Article Taken
From Network Marketing Lifestyles Magazine Sept. 2001)
2
Books by Paul Zane Pilzer:

To be
released in late 2006

Paul Zane Pilzer is a world-renowned
economist, a multimillionaire software entrepreneur, a part-time
rabbi, a college professor and the author of numerous best selling
books.
Pilzer completed college in three years and received his MBA from
Wharton in fifteen months at age 22. At age 24, he was appointed
adjunct professor at New York University, where he taught for 20
consecutive years. While employed as Citibank’s youngest
officer at 22 and its youngest vice president at 25, Pilzer
started several entrepreneurial businesses—earning his first $1
million before age 26 and his first $10 million before age 30.
He was an appointed economic advisor in two presidential
administrations and warned of the impending $200-billion savings
and loan crisis years before official Washington was willing to
listen—a story that he later told in Other People’s Money (Simon
& Schuster, 1989) which was critically acclaimed by the New
York Times and The Economist magazine.
Pilzer’s Unlimited Wealth (Crown Publishers, 1990)
explained how we live in a world of unlimited physical resources
because of rapidly advancing technology. After reading Unlimited
Wealth, the late Sam Walton, founder of Wal-Mart, said that he
was "amazed at Pilzer’s business capacity" and his
"ability to put it into layman’s terms."
Pilzer’s God Wants You to Be Rich (Simon & Schuster,
1995/1997) explained how the foundation of our economic system is
based on our Judeo-Christian heritage. This New York Times business
bestseller was featured on the front page of the Wall Street
Journal and on television shows ranging from 60 Minutes to
First Person with Maria Shriver. It has been published in
18 languages.
And
now, in The Next Trillion, Pilzer exposes our
trillion-dollar food and medical industries and identifies a newly
emerging "wellness" industry that will soon occupy an
additional one-seventh, or "next trillion," of our
economy—an industry in which the fortunes of the new millennium
will be created.
Paul's
latest is called "The Next Millionaires"
wherein he forecasts some interesting predictions for North
American entrepreneurs, engaging in what he refers to as
"Intellectual distribution". This book is set to be
released in late 2006.
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|